ENVIRONMENTAL BIOMONITORING OF TRUSKAVETS CITY

Abstract

In every modern city, a lot of industrial and household waste is generated as a result of human activities. Human activity leads to constant pollution of the natural environment: atmospheric air, natural waters and soils. Heavy metals quickly accumulate in plants, retain toxicogenic properties for a long time, and will have an expressed negative effect and impact on vegetation growing near highways. Truskavets is a recreation and wellness center, and the state of its environment affects the effectiveness of medical procedures. The state of the environment has an indirect effect on indicator plants. The growth conditions of indicator plants determine the appearance of morphological and physiological changes in them at the cellular, tissue, and organ levels of the organization of the plant organism. These changes can be used to assess the state of the environment. There is an increase in the leaf area of indicator plants. Such an effect can occur as an adaptive reaction for the intensification of photosynthesis processes under conditions of pollution. The maximum values of the integral indicator of the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaves of the indicator plants are characteristic of the individuals that grew within the districts with the highest level of anthropopression – Heroiv UPA, Stebnytska and Mazepy streets, where the largest traffic is concentrated. Qualitative manifestations of macroscopic pathological changes have a pronounced species-specific character. Analysis of the results of all indicators: leaflet area, an integral indicator of fluctuation asymmetry, nature of leaf lesion, degree of necrotization and dechromation, photosynthetic pigments concentration and content (chlorophylls, carotenoids) indicates that there is little pressure on the environment in the conditions of Truskavets, which is mainly detected in the Mazepa, Stebnytska, and Heroes of the UPA streets.