DEVELOPMENT OF THE ORGANISM OF RABBITS AFTER DRINKING SULFUR CITRATE AND SODIUM SULFATE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2450-8640.2021.1.6Keywords:
rabbits, sulfur citrate, sodium sulfate, internal organs, skin thickness, mass coefficientsAbstract
The use of rabbit hybrids in industrial rabbit breeding requires a complete nutritional diet balanced in all components. Special attention is paid to the bioavailability of organic and inorganic components of the rabbit's diet, since the digestibility of nutrients in the rabbit's body is low. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to find out the effect of drinking sulfur citrate, produced by the method of nanotechnology, and sodium sulfate from 60 to 118 days of life on the development of the rabbit's body. Research was conducted on young Hyla rabbits at «Horlytsia», village, district of the Lviv region, divided into six groups (control and five experimental), 6 animals in each, selected according to the principle of analogues at the age of 50 days. Rabbits of the control group were fed ad libitum complete ration granulated compound feed with free access to water. The animals of the first (I), second (II), third (III) and fourth (IV) experimental groups were fed with fodder of the ration of the control group and during the day they drank sulfur citrate according to the calculation of 2; 4; 8 and 12 mg S/kg of body weight. Sulfur citrate solution (1.0 g/dm3, pH 1.38) was obtained from «Nanomaterials and nanotechnology», Kyiv. The young of the fifth (V) experimental group were fed with the forage of the diet of the control group and sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) was given in the amount of 40 mg S/kg of body weight with water. The experiment lasted 68 days. On the 118th day of life, the animals were subjected to euthanasia, parts of the body were selected, after which they were weighed and the average statistical results were calculated in comparison to the control. All animal manipulations were performed in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Scientific Purposes. Digital data were processed statistically using Student's t test. The analysis of the obtained results showed the most probable differences in relation to the control of indicators of the weight of the skin of rabbits. Thus, the mass of raw skin of rabbits of the I, II, III, IV and V experimental groups was higher by 12.4, respectively; 19.5; 14.9; 12.0 and 9.4% (Р<0.05 − 0.001) compared to the control. The weight of the stomach together with the intestines and the contents of the animals of the I, II, III and IV experimental groups was, respectively, higher by 15.8; 16.6; 17.1 and 14.3% (Р<0.05 − 0.001), with a tendency to increase this indicator by 2.1% in the V group compared to the control. The weight of the head of the rabbits of all experimental groups compared to the control was characterized by a greater mass, however, there were probable differences in II and III experimental groups. The weight of lungs in animals of II, III and IV experimental groups, respectively, by 16.1; 15.0 and 10.0% compared to the control, may indicate a positive effect of the applied amounts of sulfur citrate on the development of the body and respiratory system of rabbits. The mass of parenchymal internal organs of rabbits did not differ significantly compared to the control, except for the kidneys in the II group (Р<0.05) and the liver in animals of the II and III experimental groups (Р<0.01). Confirmation of positive changes in the mass of individual organs of the rabbits after drinking sulfur compounds is their percentage expression to body weight. Thus, the weight of the skin was higher in animals of I (Р<0.001), II (Р<0.001), III (Р<0.01), IV (Р<0.001) and V (Р<0.05) experimental groups compared to control It should be noted that high probable differences between experimental and control groups were found in animals that consumed different amounts of sulfur citrate, and lower - sodium sulfate. The mass of the alimentary canal with its contents was higher in rabbits of the II (P<0.001), III (P<0.01) and IV (P<0.001) experimental groups, and the weight of the head increased significantly (P<0.001) only in the III group compared to the control. Other examined organs of rabbits corresponded to the physiological parameters of their percentage in the body, however, the obtained results were not significant, but noted an increase at the level of the trend compared to the control. The thickness of the epidermis of the skin of rabbits of the I, II, III, IV and V experimental groups was probably higher by 11.6, respectively; 14.5; 13.8; 16.4 and 11.2% compared to the control group. The thickness of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue of the skin of rabbits in the I, II, III and IV experimental groups probably increased by 5.3, respectively; 7.8; 9.5 and 7.4% in relation to the control. The total value of the epidermal layer and dermis with subcutaneous tissue was correlated with indicators of the total thickness of the skin of rabbits of the I, II, III, IV and V experimental groups, which were greater by 5.4; 7.9; 9.6; 7.5 and 5.4% for the control group. Therefore, drinking sulfur citrate affected the growth and development of the rabbit body after weaning, which was characterized by a more pronounced effect on the intensity of growth and slaughter performance of the organism, a higher weight of the skin, intestines with contents, head, lungs and liver of rabbits that consumed sulfur citrate in the amount of 4 and 8 mg S/kg body weight. The use of sodium sulfate at the rate of 40 mg S/kg of body weight did not have a significant effect on the studied indicators of the intensity of growth of the rabbit body, except for the weight of the skin. Differences in the thickness of the skin layers of all experimental groups compared to the control were probable, which may indicate a special activating effect of the applied sulfur compounds on the course of metabolism in the skin tissue of rabbits.
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